ronja chapter 1

This is a work in progress! Read at your own peril!

Eng translation - Patricia Crampton

Participle Types

PART-APRS: Active Present Participle – indicates the action or condition of the subject365 Verbs, 24
PART-APST: Active Past Participle – indicates the condition or state of the subject, what the subject had done before the main action, or what the subject had said they've done in the past365 Verbs, 25
PART-AFUT: Active Future Participle – indicates what someone intends to do in the future.365 Verbs, 26
PART-P: Pusdalyvis (Active Half-Participles) – indicates a secondary action performed at the same time as the primary action365 Verbs, 31
PART-GPRS: Gerund – indicates an action carried out at the same time as the primary action, but performed by a different actor365 Verbs, 32

Notes

If a tense, ex. PRS or PST is unmarked for number, then it is the 3rd person (which does not differ for singular or plural).

Chapter 1

Tą	nakti,	kai	Ronja	gimė,	kalnus	drebino	baisi	perkūnija,
that.ACC	night.NOM,	when	Ronja	born.PST,	mountain.PL.ACC	quaver.PST	terrible.SG.F	thunder.NOM,
On the night that Ronia was born a thunderstorm was raging over the mountains,

drebinti:to quaver (a verb which has an agent) is similar to drebėti, which is reflextive.

audra	taip	šelo,	kad	visi	pikti	padarai,
storm.NOM	so	rampage.PST,	that	all.NOM	angry.PL.M	creature.PL,
such a storm, that all the goblinfolk

kurių	knibždėte	knibždėjo	Matiso	kalne,	persigandę	sulindo	į	savo	urvus	ir	slėpynes,
which.GEN	EMPH	swarm.PST	Matt.GEN	mountain.LOC,	be frightened.PART-APST	creep.PST	to	REFL.3	cave.PL.ACC	and	hiding place.PL.ACC,
in Matt's Forest crept back in terror to their holes and hiding places.

knibždėte:swarm.EMPH is a type of word called būdinys or deverbal. "They are used with verbs of the same root to intensify or emphasize their meaning."Ambrazas §6.13; Daiva. It is formed by adding +te/+tinai. In this case it can be thought of as "swarmingly swarmed," which has no equivalent in the English text.
persigandę>persigąsti:to have a fright This is the past tense plural of the active particple, which is formed from the PST-3, minus the ending, plus an ending for person and gender.365 Verbs, 24 It indicates the condition or state of a living thing in the past.
sulindo>sulįsti:for many to creep in, įlįsti meaning to "creep into" and the su prefix indicating it is done as a group.

tiktai	plėšriosios	girių	skraidūnės	negalėjo	atsidžiaugti	žaibais,
only	raptorial.DEF.PL.F	forest.GEN	flyer.PL.NOM	able.NEG.PST	not get enough.REFL.INF	lightening.INS,
Only the fierce harpies preferred stormy weather to any other

plėšriosios>plėšrus:raptorial is a definite adjective (as compared to a simple adjective), meaning "the raptorial X".Ambrazas §2.34, 158 Plėšrus could also be translated as blood-thirsty or carnivorous, but raptorial here is more harpy-like.
atsidžiaugti:to not get enough, thus negalėjo atsidžiaugti žaibais means "not able [double negative] to get enough of the lightening". atsidžiaugti takes kuo, hense žaibais.

todėl,	visa	gerkle	rėkdamos,	suko	ratus	aplink	plėšikų	pilį	Matiso	kalne.
thus,	all.INS	throat.INS	shout.PART-P.PL.F	make turns.PST		around	robber.PL.GEN	castle.ACC	Matt.GEN	mountain.LOC
and flew, shrieking and hooting, around the robbers' stronghold on Matt's mountain.

suko ratus is comprised of circle.{PST} wheel.{PL}.{ACC}
rėkdamos>rėkti:to shout is a type of adverbial participal called pusdalyvis and it is used to indicate "a secondary action carried out during the 1st action".365 Verbs, 31 In this case, the shouting is the secondary action to the circling of the castle. It is conjugated for person and gender.Ambrazas, 327
The feminine nominative and the feminine instrumental of visa are the same.

Luvisa,	gulėdama	patale	ir	laukdama	kūdikio,	troško	ramybės,	todėl	tarė	Matisui:
Lovis,	lie.PART-P.SG.F	bed.LOC	and	wait.PART-P.SG.F	baby.GEN	desire.PST	peace.SG.GEN,	so	say.PST	Matt.DAT:
Their noise distrubed Lovis, who was lying within, preparing to give birth, and she said to Matt,

–	Nubaidyk	tas	šlykščias	skraidūnes,	man	reikia	tylos,	juk	nė	pati	negirdžiu,	ką	dainuoju!
	scare away.IMP	that.PL.F.ACC	disgusting.PL.F.ACC	flyer.PL.ACC,	1SG.DAT	need.PRS	quiet.ACC,	yet.EMPH	NEG	myself.EMPH	hear.NEG.1SG.PRS	what.SG.ACC	sing.1SG.PRS!
"Drive the hell-harpies away and let me have some quiet. Otherwise I can't hear what I'm singing!"

The nu in nubaidyk indicates it is a definite action, like 到 in Chinese
juk is an emphatic partical and can also mean yet.Ambrazas §7.13

Iš	tikrųjų	Luvisa	dainavo,	ruošdamasi	gimdyti.
In fact		Lovis	sing.PST,	prepare.PART-P.REFL.SG.F	birth.INF.
The fact was that Lovis liked to sing while she was having her baby.

Taip,	girdi	esą	lengviau,	o	ir	kūdikis	būsiąs	linksmesnis,
Yes,	hear.PRS	be.PART-APRS.PL.M	easy.COMP,	but	also	baby.NOM	be.PART-AFUT.1SG.M	happy,
It made things easier, she insisted, and the baby would probably be all the jollier

esą is a present plural active participle of būti. Not sure how to translate it, but I think it used here to indicate the oblique mood, e.g. hearsay or a doubtful action.365 Verbs, 24; Ambrazas §5.107 & §5.51 Meaning something like "Yes, she hears it's apparently easier".

jeigu	ateisąs	į	šį	pasaulį	su	daina.
if	come.PART-AFUT.1SG.M	into	this.ACC	world.ACC	with	song.INS.
if it arrived on earth to the sound of a song.

ateisiąs is a future active participle of eiti. What someone intends to do in the future.365 Verbs, 26 This is used here, rather than the future tense, to indicate that it's not a given that the baby will be born (or at least not born easily).

Matisas	pasiėmė	lanką	ir	paleido	kelias	strėles	pro	šauldymo	angą.
Matt	take.PST	bow.ACC	and	loose.PST	some	arrow.PL	through	shooting.GEN	hole.ACC
Matt took his crossbow and shot off a few arrows through one of the arrow slits of the fort.

–	Nešdinkitės	šalin,	bjaurybės,	–	suriko	jis.
	get out.2PL.IMP	away	ugliness.PL,	scream.PST		3SG.NOM
"Be off with you, harpies!" he shouted.

ugliness here implying one who is ugly.

–	Šiąnakt	aš	turiu	sulaukti	kūdikio,	argi	nesuprantat,	žiežulos	nelemtos!
	tonight	1SG.NOM	have.1SG.PRS	wait.INF	child.GEN,	really	understand.NEG.2PL	harpy.PL,	ill-fated.F.PL
"I'm going to have a baby tonight – get that into your heads, you hags!"

argi is what Ambrazas describes as a compound particle, which is now mostly used for emphases.Ambrazas §7.3
nesuprantat is missing the common e at the end, but it is valid to not include it.

–	Ho	ho,	ar	girdit,	šiąnakt	jis	turės	vaiką,	–	suklykė	skraidūnės,
	ho	ho,	QP	hear.2PL,	tonight	3SG.NOM	have.FUT	child.ACC,		scream.PST	flier.PL.NOM
"Ho, ho, he's going to ahve a baby tonight," hooted the harpies.

Like nesuprantat above, girdit is missing the e of the 2nd person plural ending.

–	perkūnijos	vaiką,	tikriausiai	mažytį	ir	šlykštų,	ho	ho!
	thunder.GEN	child.ACC,	probably	tiny.M.SG.ACC	and	disgusting.M.SG.ACC,	ho	ho
"A thunder-and-lightening baby, small and ugly it'll be, ho, ho!"

See Ambrazas §2.27, page 79 for more fun with adjectival declensions like for mažytį and šlykštų.

Matisas	dar	kartą	paleido	kelias	strėles	tiesiai	į	jų	būrį,
Matt	once again.ACC		loose.PST	some	arrow.PL	straight	into	3PL.GEN	group.ACC,
Then Matt shot again, straight into the flock

dar kartą is in the accusative because it is a time phrase.

bet	šios	tik	nusikvatojo	ir,
but	this.F.GEN	only	guffaw.PST	and,
but they simply jeered at him

šios refers to the group in the line before.

piktai	klykdamos,	nuskrido	tolyn	palei	pat	medžių	viršūnes.
angrily	scream.PART-APRS,	fly away.PRS	towards	alongside		tree.PL.GEN	top.PL.ACC
and flew off across the treetops, hooting angrily.

pat is used here as a strengthener of the prepositing.
palei Ambrazas §2.48 "relative to a linear object", e.g. parallel to

Tuo	metu,	kai	Luvisa	dainuodama	gimdė,	o	Matisas	kaip	galėdamas	baidė	skraidūnes,
hereupon,		when	Lovis	sing.PART-P	birth.PST,	and	Matt	?	able.PART-P	scare away.PST	flier.PL.ACC,
While Lovis lay there, giving birth and singing, and while Matt quelled the wild harpies as best he could,

jo	plėšikai	sėdėjo	didžiojoje	akmeninėje	menėje,	valgė,
3SG.GEN	robber.PL	sit.PST	large.F.SG.LOC	stone.F.SG.LOC	hall.LOC,	eat.PST
his robbers were sitting by the fire down in the great stone hall, eating,

gėrė	ir	triukšmavo	ne	mažiau	kaip	girios	skraidūnės.
drink.PST	and	make noise.PST	NEG	less	than	wild.F.PL	filer.PL
drinking and behaving as rowdily as the harpies themselves.

girius is given as an archaic adjective.

Juk	reikėjo	ką	nors	veikti	belaukiant,	nes	visi	dvylika	laukė
but	need.PST	anything.ACC		do.INF	wait.PART-GPRS,	because	all	12	wait.PST
After all, they had to do something while they waited, and all twelve of them were waiting

be in belaukiant doesn't have much meaning. Daiva indicates that it slightly reinforces the sense of waiting.

–	kaip	ten	baigsis	bokšto	kambarėlyje.
	how	there	finish.FUT	tower.GEN	room.LOC.
for what was about to happen up there in the tower room.

Mat,	kiek	jie	minė,	Matiso	kalne	pirmą	kartą	turėjo	gimti	kūdikis.
For,	how	3SG.NOM	remember.PST,	Matt.GEN	castle.LOC	first.ACC	time.ACC	have.PST	birth.INF	child.NOM
No child had ever been born in Matt's Fort in all their robber days there.

minti:to remember is an older form of prisiminti.

O	labiausiai	laukė	Peras	Plikakatis.
And	most of all	wait.PST	Noddle-Pete
Noddle-Pete was waiting most of all.

No idea what a Noddle-Pete is.

–	Kad	tik	greičiau	parbėgtų	tas	mažasis	plėšikas,	–	pasakė	jis.
	that	only	quickly	run back.SBJV	that.M.SG	small	robber,		say.PST	3SG.NOM.
"That robber baby had better come soon," he said.

The subjunctive here is used to express the conditional, "so that it could...".

–	Aš	jau	senas,	sukriošęs	ir	veikiai	baigsis	mano	plėšikiškas	gyvenimas.
	1SG.NOM	already	old,	shake.PART-APST	and	quickly	finish.FUT	1SG.POSS	robber	life.
"I'm old and rickety, and my robbing days will soon be over.

plėšikiškas is an adjective here.
I think sukriošęs is derived from the verb sukriošti:to shake, but the dictionary gives it as standalone, meaning dodering.

Baisiai	norėčiau	pamatyti	naująjį	plėšikų	atamaną,
terribly	want.SBJV	see.INF	new.DEF.ACC	robber.PL.GEN	chief.ACC,
It would be fine to see a new robber chief here

o	tada	ramiai	galėsiu	drožti	į	aną	pasaulį.
and	then	calmly	can.1SG.FUT	whittle.INF	in	the next world.
before I am finished."

drožti į aną pasaulį is an idiom equivalent to "kick the bucket" or "buy the farm".

Vos	jis	šitaip	tarė,	atsivėrė	durys,	ir	įgriuvo	Matisas,	kone	paklaikęs	iš	džiaugsmo.
as soon as	3SG.NOM	this way	speak.PST,	open up.PST	door,	and	tumble in.PST	Matt,	almost	make terrible.PART-APST	from	happiness.GEN
He had scarcely stopped speaking when the door open and Matt rushed in, quite witless with delight.

paklaikęs, similar to sukriošęs I think is derived from paklaikti:to make terrible. This would fall under the first usage of the past active participle, which describes the condition of a person.

Nesitverdamas	kailyje	keliais	šuoliais	aplėkė	pusratį	viduriu	menės	ir	užriko	nesavu	balsu:
not know what to do with oneself'.PART-P serveral jump.INS 'run around.PST		semicircle.ACC	middle.INS	hall.GEN	and	scream out.PST	untypical	voice.INS
He raced all the way around the hall, leaping high with joy and shrieking like a madman.

nesitverdamas kailyje:not know what to do with oneself if a fixed phrase, from tverti:bear, endure and kailis:skin. Daiva also translated it as "to be restless".
šuolis:jump in the instrumental implying "by leaps", "by means of jumping".

Last Updated: 2018-01-13 23:13:30