danish

Verbs

Infinitives

at prøve - to try
at tro - to believe
irregular pres: jeg tror
at elske - to love
at køre - to drive
at flyve - to fly
at dreje - to turn
at dreje til venstre - turn to the left
at dreje til højre - turn to the right
at fare vild - to get lost
at deltager - to participate
at kende - to know
at smager - to taste
at lave - to do
Hvad skal vi lave i København?
Hvad skal vi lave i morgen?
at se - to see
at slappe af - to relax
at bliver - becomes/is?
at planlægge - to plan
at håbe - to hope
at tillade - to allow, to permit
at adlyde - to obey
adlød
at velge - to choose
valgte
at flytte - to move (houses)
flytter ind - moving in
flytter hen - moving to
at bygge - to build
at sove - to sleep
Hun sover i sin seng
kan godt lide - to like
Jeg kan godt lide mid ny lejligheud
at huske - to remember
Har du husket nøglen?
at købe - to buy
at synes - to think
irregular pres.: jeg synes
synes jeg - pronounced kind of like /synsjə/
at se - to see
at se på - to look at

Gøre (to do)

Syntax

The verb is always in the second semantic position (e.g. time phrases take up only one semantic unit).
For example:

Phrases

Hvad i alverden? - What on earth?
Hvorfor dog det? - Why on earth?
har ... tilbage - still have ...
Jeg vil gerne have... - I would like...
hun skal ud - she will (go) out
skal (+ {noun}) + {prep} - general meaning of "to go/do" the preposition
Vi skal på ferie - We will go on holiday
I næste ugen skal jeg på muset
Vi glæder os at {verb} - We look forward to...
Det er plads til meget ting i mit skab
Det står {noun} - There is {noun} (lit. stands)
Hvad synes du om...
De siger i fjernesynet at vejret bliver godt i weekenden - They say on TV the weather will be good on the weekend
Det bliver rart med... - It's nice to ahve...
Til vinter bliver det rart med et stort badekar

Time

her gang - this time
om en time - in an hour
på lørdag - on Saturday
i overmorgen - the day after tomorrow
til sommer - in summer
først {time phrase} - not until {time phrase}
lang tid - long, as in time
_Hvor lang tid tager det? - How long does it take?

Adverbs

langt - long/far
see: lang tid, for time
hele vejen - the whole way
endelig - finally
snart - soon
rundt - around
Til Sommer skal de rejse rundt i Frankrig
allerede - already
nok - probably
meget - really
så - then
Kan vi så lave en plan i weekenden - then can we make a plan on the weekend
bare - just
ellers - otherwise
angående - about/concerning
Jeg ringer angående lejligheuden - I'm calling about the flat
masser af - a lot of
både - both

Questions

hvornår - when
hvordan - how

Nouns

frokost - lunch
i fjernsynet - on the TV
vejr - weather
Det bliver godt vejr i morgen - There will be good weather tomorrow
en kæreste - bf/gf

Adjectives

træt - tired
uimodståesog - irresistible

Prepositions

ind i - into
i bil - by car
med tog - by train

Spelling

Consonant doubling

A vowel is short if it is only follwed by two consonants, ex. hund. However, Danish does not double the consonant if the letter is the same, ex. kat *katt. (c.f. Swedish/Norwegian do so). In the second case, when definite the consonant is doubled, ex. katten.^Duolingo

Numbers

• 30 - tredive
• 40 - fyrre
• 50 - halvtreds
• 60 - tres
• 70 - halvfjerds
• 80 - firs
• 90 - halvfems
• 100 - hundrede

Misc.

Ja, bestemt - sure!

Sources

• Babbel
• Duolingo
• Danish: An Essential Grammar by Robin Allan, Philip Holmes, and Tom Lundskær-Nielsen

Last Updated: 2015-11-07 17:23:27